Tutorial 18 November 2013

Tutorial.
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https://soundcloud.com/drtmcf/18-november-2013

Tonight we started with a discussion of how to prepare and the key things to do.
Then we had an EMQ and 3 SAQs.
Send your answers and I'll send mine.

Introduction.

How to prepare.

EMQ1.

Staging of cancer cervix.

1. Postmenopausal bleeding

A 55 year old woman is referred by her General Practitioner after a single episode of post-menopausal bleeding. Critically evaluate the management.

2. Obstetric Cholestasis.

1. Outline the symptoms and signs associated with OC.                                                  4 marks.

2. Critically evaluate the differential diagnosis of OC and the key investigations.               4 marks.

3. Outline the maternal and fetal risks of OC.                                                                  4 marks.

4. Justify your management of a case of OC diagnosed at 28 weeks.                               6 marks.

5. Outline the management of a woman with pruritus but normal results after full investigation at 30 weeks.                                                                                                                                       2 marks.

3. Audit.

You have been asked to perform an audit.

Outline the key issues involved in preparing and performing an audit.

EMQ Paper 1 , Question 6 . Ca Cx staging.

Lead-in.

The following scenarios relate to cervical cancer staging.

For each, select the most appropriate staging.

Pick one option from the option list.

Each option can be used once, more than once or not at all.

Scenario 1.

A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 2 mm and 6 mm in width. The resection margins are tumour-free. There is no evidence of spread outside the uterus. She is nulliparous and wishes to retain her fertility.

Scenario 2.

A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 5 mm and 6 mm in width. The resection margins are tumour-free. There is no evidence of spread outside the uterus. She is nulliparous and wishes to retain her fertility.

Scenario 3.

A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 5 mm and 6 mm in width. The resection margins are not tumour-free. There is no evidence of spread outside the uterus. She is nulliparous and wishes to retain her fertility.

Scenario 4.

A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 6 mm and 3 cm in width. The resection margins are tumour-free. There is no evidence of extension outside the uterus. She is nulliparous and wishes to retain her fertility.

Scenario 5.

A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 6 mm and 5 cm in width. The resection margins are tumour-free. She is nulliparous and wishes to retain her fertility.

Scenario 6.

A woman of 38 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 4 mm and 6mm in width. The resection margins are tumour-free. An MR scan shows involvement of the lymphatic nodes in the left of the pelvis.

Scenario 7.

A woman of 45 has carcinoma of the cervix. It extends into the parametrium, but not to the pelvic side-wall. It involves the upper 1/3 of the vagina. There is MR evidence of para-aortic node involvement.

Scenario 8.

A woman of 55 has carcinoma of the cervix. It extends to the pelvic side-wall. It involves the upper 1/3 of the vagina. She has a secondary on the end of her nose.

Scenario 9.

A woman of 55 has carcinoma of the cervix. It involves the bladder mucosa.

Scenario 10.

A woman of 35 has a proven cancer of the cervix with extension into the right parametrium, but not to the pelvic side-wall. Left hydroureter and left non-functioning kidney are noted on IVP and there is no other explanation for the findings. Cystoscopy shows bullous oedema of the bladder mucosa.

Scenario 11.

A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. It shows malignant melanoma. The lesion invades to a depth of 3 mm and is 5 mm in width. The margins of the biopsy are clear. There is evidence of lymphatic vessel involvement. There is no evidence of spread outside the uterus.

Option list.

Micro-invasive cervical cancer.

Stage Ia1

Stage Ia2

Stage Ia3

Stage Ib1

Stage Ib2

Stage Ib3

Stage IIa

Stage IIb

Stage IIc

Stage IIIa

Stage IIIb

Stage IIIc

Stage IVa

Stage IVb

Stage IVc

Stage Va

Stage Vb

Stage Vc

None of the above.

This question illustrates the problems surrounding staging. If you are not a cancer specialist, it is not something that you think about very often, if ever. So you have to put it into your list of things to revise in the days before the exam. If you haven’t started this list, do so now.