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Tonight we had an EMQ on staging of cervical cancer. Definitely a topic for the last-minute-revision list if you are not an oncologist.
EMQ Paper 1 , Question 6 . Ca Cx staging.
Lead-in.
The following scenarios relate to cervical cancer staging.
For each, select the most appropriate staging.
Pick one option from the option list.
Each option can be used once, more than once or not at all.
Scenario 1.
A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 2 mm and 6 mm in width. The resection margins are tumour-free. There is no evidence of spread outside the uterus. She is nulliparous and wishes to retain her fertility.
Scenario 2.
A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 5 mm and 6 mm in width. The resection margins are tumour-free. There is no evidence of spread outside the uterus. She is nulliparous and wishes to retain her fertility.
Scenario 3.
A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 5 mm and 6 mm in width. The resection margins are not tumour-free. There is no evidence of spread outside the uterus. She is nulliparous and wishes to retain her fertility.
Scenario 4.
A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 6 mm and 3 cm in width. The resection margins are tumour-free. There is no evidence of extension outside the uterus. She is nulliparous and wishes to retain her fertility.
Scenario 5.
A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 6 mm and 5 cm in width. The resection margins are tumour-free. She is nulliparous and wishes to retain her fertility.
Scenario 6.
A woman of 38 has a cone biopsy. The histology report shows squamous cell carcinoma penetrating to a depth of 4 mm and 6mm in width. The resection margins are tumour-free. An MR scan shows involvement of the lymphatic nodes in the left of the pelvis.
Scenario 7.
A woman of 45 has carcinoma of the cervix. It extends into the parametrium, but not to the pelvic side-wall. It involves the upper 1/3 of the vagina. There is MR evidence of para-aortic node involvement.
Scenario 8.
A woman of 55 has carcinoma of the cervix. It extends to the pelvic side-wall. It involves the upper 1/3 of the vagina. She has a secondary on the end of her nose.
Scenario 9.
A woman of 55 has carcinoma of the cervix. It involves the bladder mucosa.
Scenario 10.
A woman of 35 has a proven cancer of the cervix with extension into the right parametrium, but not to the pelvic side-wall. Left hydroureter and left non-functioning kidney are noted on IVP. Cystoscopy shows bullous oedema of the mucosa, but no other evidence of direct involvement.
Scenario 11.
A woman of 25 has a cone biopsy. It shows malignant melanoma. The lesion invades to a depth of 3 mm and is 5 mm in width. The margins of the biopsy are clear. There is evidence of lymphatic vessel involvement. There is no evidence of spread outside the uterus.
Option list.
Micro-invasive cervical cancer.
Stage Ia1
Stage Ia2
Stage Ia3
Stage Ib1
Stage Ib2
Stage Ib3
Stage IIa
Stage IIb
Stage IIc
Stage IIIa
Stage IIIb
Stage IIIc
Stage IVa
Stage IVb
Stage IVc
Stage Va
Stage Vb
Stage Vc
None of the above.
This question illustrates the problems surrounding staging. If you are not a cancer specialist, it is not something that you think about very often, if ever. So you have to put it into your list of things to revise in the days before the exam. If you haven’t started this list, do so now.
Then two essays:
A woman books at 8 weeks’ gestation in her first pregnancy. She is concerned because she works in a nursery where there has been an outbreak of cytomegalovirus infection. Critically evaluate the management.
You have been asked to perform an audit. Outline the key issues involved in preparing and performing an audit.
In between we had a brief roleplay to illustrate the problems with explaining topics like recessive inheritance and the need to start to develop suitable approaches.
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