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Contact us.
https://soundcloud.com/drtmcf/16-december-2013
Tonight we wrote 5 essay plans, answered an EMQ and still finished on time.
8
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EMQ. Hepatitis B.
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16
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Dec
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2013
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28
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With regard to
fetal welfare in labour.
1. Critically evaluate the methods available for
monitoring the fetal condition.
14 marks
2. List the criteria recommended by NICE for continuous
electronic fetal monitoring. 6 marks
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16
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Dec
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2013
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29
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Critically
evaluate recent trends in the management of the 3rd. stage and its
complications.
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16
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Dec
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2013
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30
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With regard to
MBRRACE.
1. What is MBRRACE?
2 marks
2. What is the role of MBRRACE? 4 marks
3. How will MBRRACE differ from its precursor? 14 marks
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16
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Dec
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2013
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31
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You are the sPR
in the fertility clinic.
A couple have been referred by their General
Practitioner after basic investigation of their three years of infertility.
She has a 5-year-old daughter by a previous partner. The pregnancy, delivery
and puerperium were normal. Her menstrual cycle is normal and a serum
progesterone has confirmed ovulation.
He has never made a partner pregnant and the GP letter
states that he has a low sperm count.
1. Justify the history you will take. 4 marks
2. How do you categorise male infertility? 4 marks
2. Justify the investigations you will arrange. 4 marks
3. Outline the management and available options. 8 marks
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16
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Dec
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2013
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32
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With regard to
cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA).
a. what is cffDNA?
4 marks
b. detail the current uses of cffDNA in the NHS. 6 marks
c. discuss the potential uses of cffDNA. 10 marks
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16
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Dec
|
2013
|
Hepatitis B and
pregnancy.
Lead-in.
Each of the following scenarios relates to hepatitis B
and pregnancy.
Instructions.
For each scenario, select the most appropriate option
from the option list.
Each option can be used once, more than once or not at
all.
Abbreviations.
HBcAg: hepatitis B
core antigen
HBeAg: hepatitis B e
antigen
HBsAg: hepatitis B
surface antigen
HBcAb: antibody to
hepatitis B core antigen
HBeAb: antibody to
hepatitis B e antigen
HBsAb: antibody to
hepatitis B surface antigen
HBIG: hepatitis B
immunoglobulin
HBV: hepatitis
B virus
Option list.
A. acyclovir
B. divorce
C. HBcAg
+ve
D. HBeAg
+ve
E. HbsAg
+ve
F. HBsAg
+ve; HBsAb –ve; HBcAb -ve
G. HBsAg
+ve; HBsAb –ve on two tests six months apart
H. HBsAG
–ve; HBsAb -ve on two tests six months apart
I.
HBsAg –ve; HBsAb +ve; HBcAb –ve
J.
HBsAg –ve; HBsAb +ve; HBcAb +ve
K. HBsAg
–ve; HBsAb +ve
L. HBsAg
+ve; HBcAg +ve
M. HBV
vaccine.
N. HBIG
O. HBV
vaccine + HBIG
P. immune
as a result of infection
Q. immune
as a result of vaccination
R. not
immune
S. chronic
carrier of HBV infection
T. 10%
U. 30%
V. 50%
W. 60%
X. 70
- 90%
Y. soap
and boiling water
Z. 10%
dilution of bleach in water
AA. 10%
dilution of formaldehyde in alcohol
BB. ultraviolet
irradiation
CC. yes
DD. no
EE. none
of the above
Scenario 1.
An asymptomatic primigravida books at 10 weeks. Her
partner had an acute HBV infection 4 months ago. What results on routine blood
testing would indicate that she has an acute infection?
Scenario 2.
An asymptomatic primigravida books at 10 weeks. Her
partner had an acute HBV infection 4 months ago. What results on routine blood
testing would indicate that she is immune to the HBV as a result of natural
infection?
Scenario 3.
An asymptomatic primigravida books at 10 weeks. Her
partner had an acute HBV infection 4 months ago. What results on routine blood
testing would indicate that she is immune to the HBV as a result of HBV
vaccine?
Scenario 4.
An asymptomatic primigravida books at 10 weeks. Her
partner had an acute HBV infection 6 months ago. What results on routine blood
testing would indicate that she is a chronic carrier of HBV infection?
Scenario 5.
Testing shows that he is positive for HBsAg, positive for
HBcAb but negative for IgM HBcAb. What does this mean in relation to his HBV
status?
Scenario 6.
Testing shows that he is negative for HBsAg, positive for
HBcAb and positive for HBsAb.
What does this mean in relation to his HBV status?
Scenario 7
A primigravid woman at 8 weeks gestation is found to be
non-immune to the HBV. She has recently married and her husband is a chronic
carrier. What should be done to protect her from infection?
Scenario 8
A woman is a known carrier of Hepatitis B. What is the
risk of vertical transmission in the first trimester?
Scenario 9
A woman is a known carrier of Hepatitis B. What is the
risk of the neonate who has been infected by vertical transmission in the third
trimester becoming a carrier without treatment?
Scenario 10
How effective is hepatitis B prophylaxis in preventing
chronic carrier status developing in a neonate infected as a result of vertical
transmission?
Scenario 11
Can a woman who is a chronic HBV carrier breastfeed
safely?
Scenario 12.
Hepatitis B infection is the most dangerous of the viral
hepatitis infections in pregnancy.
Scenario 13.
A pregnant woman who is not immune to HBV has a partner
who is a chronic carrier. Can HBV vaccine be administered safely in pregnancy?
Scenario 14.
A pregnant woman who is not immune has a partner with
acute hepatitis due to HBV. He cuts his hand and bleeds onto the kitchen table.
How should she clean the surface to ensure that she gets rid of the virus?
Scenario 15.
Is it true that the presence of HBeAg in maternal blood
is a particular risk factor for vertical transmission? Not really a scenario,
but never mind!
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